Introduction

The history of thin film semiconductor manufacturing has been one of constant process improvement. This constant process improvement was necessary in order to establish cost effective high yielding production lines as they struggled to keep pace with Moore’s law. All of this has been made possible through the integration of automated metrology systems with statistical process control. 

Introduction

Spindle screw pumps feature a simple construction that offers high reliability, performance and efficiency for liquid cooling systems. Comprised of a single rotor element that is powered, while two others are idle, spindle screw pumps move fluid axially without turbulence, eliminating foaming that would otherwise occur in viscous fluids. The idle rotors are rotated by liquid pressure, essentially generating a fluid bearing, or hydrodynamic film, that provides radial support similar to journal bearings. 

Introduction

Cooling and temperature control systems are used throughout semiconductor fabrication facilities. In fabrication facilities both large and small, hundreds to thousands of cooling systems are installed and operate continuously. The processes employed are usually setup as copy-exact, which means the process systems are developed and transferred from the OEM of the process tool. These critical production tools used in semiconductor fabrication facilities are required to be reliable and easy to service to deliver minimum downtime.

简介

聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 是一种分子诊断技术，用于放大 DNA 测序。聚合酶链反应也称为分子复制，其中所产生的 DNA 对许多实验室和临床程序至关重要。 PCR 检测有助于诊断 SARS-CoV-2，即 COVID-19。 PCR 测试不仅可以在测试过程中检测病毒的存在，而且即使在患者不再被感染后，也会检测到病毒的片段。PCR 测试被认为是诊断 COVID-19 的“黄金标准”，因为它是最准确、最可靠的测试。 PCR对于传染病检测的有巨大影响，预计将成为我们日常生活的测试标准。
 

PCR被认为是诊断传染病的最准确、最可靠检测方法。