Bath Cooling
Laboratory cooling baths are used to maintain below ambient temperatures of liquid mixtures, for example when collecting liquids after distillation or conducting chemical reactions with substances that require refrigeration or freezing. A cooling bath typically consists of a substance with high thermal conductivity mixed with either a solid material that melts at low temperatures or liquid with a low boiling point. While an ice/water mixture is the simplest and easiest type of cooling bath, dry ice or nitrogen are required for cooling below zero Celsius.